Russia: Where Beards & Mail Order Brides Come From, Natch

The monuments of the old mother (Manny Santiago)

“We are not Asia. We are not western Europe. We are just Russia. Why do we have to be like this or like that? We are just Russians. We have our own civilization, our own alphabet, our own language, everything our own.”

-Victor Bodarenko, Publisher (Art of Russia, Andrew Graham-Dixon)

St. Basil

What to write about Russia that hasn’t already been written thousands of time, more eloquently by more talented men? In my first attempt (which I scrapped) I started with a truncated history lesson, which quickly fell apart when I realized I didn’t know some pretty big things about the biggest country in the world. Which begs the question: what do we really know about Russia? Beside Vodka, Mail Order Brides and Kalishnakovs. I’m pretty sure we- being anyone born during the Reagan regime which promoted commodifying natural resources, deregulating economic oversight of corporations, and racing to outspend the Soviets in order to topple the Berlin Wall for the Free Market Economy to go global- don’t know much that isn’t pure propaganda. Or out of a John le Carré spy novel or a Tom Clancy techno-thriller. So it was with much trepidation I wrote the following excerpt in my journal while seated in my compartment on the Trans-Mongolian Express en route to Irkutsk from Ulan Bator:

It is helpful to not over-analyze the situation into which you are about to dive headlong. If only to tame the growing inkling of a hunch that you are way out of your depth here and would do well to apply swift pressure to the emergency brakes and exit the vehicle rushing through frozen steppeland toward the Siberian border. You could always find a way to go around. China to Tibet, into Nepal, through India and then up through…hmmm. Well, there are always the Stans to consider- Kazakh, Uzbek, Afghan, and all the others- maybe you could… Wait, you are just being silly. Though often one-way in the hey-day of the Gulag-bound Soviets, this is a well-traveled route taken by millions of people for well over a century. Your fellow train riders should at least be polite if not friendly, and ignore you if not spit on the capitalist red white and blue blood in your veins, if anything, but even that, nah…you’ve seen too many Cold War era B movies. Rich people fly first, hell, any class. Who takes the train any more? The salt of the earth. Hah, people with no better choice is who. People, tovarich, like you. Give in to it. Accept your fate. Sit back in your second class seat and wait for Mother Russia to come to you. There’s likely to be some milk left in that great Slavic tit of hers, you could probably scrounge up some vodka around here somewhere, and there’s plenty of ice outside. White Russians anyone?

Like gossip heard around water coolers and soft mutterings whispered in corridors it is a risky thing to try to generalize about things which we don’t actually know to be true or false. So I demur to answer the tedious, “How was Russia? Was it like this…?” when asked by curious anecdote seekers, with easily categorizable sound bytes hearkening back to demeaning cold war era nicknames, but prefer to confuse with offerings of “Well, you know the Cossacks…” or “Once a commie, always a commie…”, simply for the fact that a ten-day transit visa through anywhere is tantamount to more confusion than clarity. What you get is a whirlwind of imagery that amalgamates into a liquor-tinged jambalaya that is nearly impossible to recall after the fact without at least some of the original conditions.

Hence, the bloody mary by my side.

From Beijing through Ulan Bator to Moscow, the Trans-Mongolian Express rolls on a Path of Blood (Manny Santiago)

From Beijing through Ulaan Baatar to Moscow, the Trans-Mongolian Express rolls on a Path of Blood

Five days of speeding through the frozen eastern steppes, where the derelict houses resemble those itinerant dwellings of Mongolia more than anything typically Russian (but the question is what is typical for Russia?) until the landscape gradually gives way to more and more grassland, allows one time to think beyond the stereotypes. The steppe folds back to reveal a rolling country of verdant foothills which herald the Ural mountains, the Eur-Asian continental divide. Random trees coalesce into great swaths of majestic forest. The faces of those provincial folk who live along the lifeline of the train track steadily change from dark to light. Where before animal husbandry was the norm, now crops are sowed and reaped. Buildings of a bygone era, mostly onion-domed orthodox churches and dilapidated nuclear reactors, dot the wild landscape more and more as the train persists in its caterpillar-like creep toward the cities of the west: Omsk, Ekaterinberg, Perm, Kazan, Nizhny-Novgorod, Moscow, St. Petersburg. Despite seeing and absorbing all of this and more, I have only myself for a guide, and have to go by appearances until something more substantial comes along.

Hence, the beard.

The Russians are well known for their beards. And their beard lore. Apparently Ivan IV (Mr. “Terrible”) believed it was due solely to the beard that Russia rose from antiquated medieval fiefdom to imperial nation-state. A few years later the thoroughly Europeanized Peter (Mr. “Great”) decreed that all Russian men had to shave their beards and levied fines if they did not. Though variations persist, from then on, no Russian leader would ever sport a full beard again. Trotsky and Lenin made the philosophical goatee popular throughout the Beat Generation and Stalin patented the bushy bigote that would later become Tom Selleck’s claim to fame: The Magnum.

Fresh Dill Pickles with Vodka (Manny Santiago)

Food from around the world

Whatever your stance on Russian politics, beards, etc., until you have been there, sporting at least a ten-day growth, you won’t know how at home you feel until you have stepped off the train after five days of green pastures into the central station maelstrom of babushkas hawking flowers and fresh herbs, Putin matroshkas on sale next to dollar packs of cigarettes, and emerge onto the shiny Benz and Rover-packed traffic snarled roads, wander past the wide soulless boulevards into the small canal-fed byway and happen upon an alley of cheaply built pubs and beer stands, where you are eating fresh dill pickles and drinking shots of vodka in plastic cups in a tree-lined public square in central Moscow as a makeshift electro-polka band strikes up gritty ditties, after which cute punk rock chicks come up with ruble-filled Converse asking for donations with smiles you can’t deny and the homeless looking men you’re talking to (but not understanding) keeps saying “Amerikanski” and gesturing to the sky with explosive blue eyes, you lean back, drain your cup, and pause to scratch your chin. It’s a natural movement. People think you look pensive or introspective. The truth is simple. Beards are itchy. You’re not an anachronism when half the men in the crowd are all synchronized scratchers, you are amongst your people, despite the language barrier. That’s what the food and drink is for. Given this level of camaraderie, your initial fears now seem unfounded. The thick fuzzy beats and accordion music start to meld with the thick, chilled vodka, those cute rocker girls have now doubled in numbers and are buzzing about like bees smiling and winking, and as you reach for the best pickle you’ve ever had, whilst simultaneously sliding into the pulsating vibrations of the zone of tremulous dancers, you let the midsummer night sun wash over you and you give in to the inevitable.

Hence, the ineffable Mother Russia.

To Russia With Love – West on the Trans-Mongolian Express

To Russia with Love - Trans-Mongolian Express
To Russia with Love - Trans-Mongolian Express

To Russia with Love – Trans-Mongolian Express

Leaving Beijing on the Trans-Mongolian train (actually called Train 3 or 5 in Mongolia & Rossiya in Russia, Trans-Mongolian is the unofficial moniker) you exit the ancient capital to the southwest. “Huh?” blinking, careening toward the setting sun for so long you think you’ve gotten on the wrong train. It takes a while to snap out of it, before you finally notice that you are in a packed hard seat couchette car full of noisy locals moving in and out of compartments as traversing slowly out of Beijing through the Chinese countryside. And yes, the needle on your compass is spinning from its initial SSW now toward the sacred NW, into the slow heart of Mongolia. Here comes the sigh of relief.

Here comes the Gobi.

The comparison has been made before, but in many ways, with its desert lows and mountain highs, China, Mongolia, Russia, central Asia in general, reminds one of North America, if only in their common raw untapped beauty, extreme landscapes and rugged terrain, punctuated by occasional clusters of humans, dilapidated buildings, livestock and trash-heaps. The difference is that much of Central Asia is still undiscovered, sands unknown, rivers and lakes undiverged, forests uncut, and mountains unmined. This is how it looked hundreds, maybe even a thousand years ago. It is the vastness of it all that still maintains shock value: why aren’t they developing strip malls and parking lots?

The rugged terrain gives one the feeling that humans don’t reign supreme over the earth, that we don’t and actually can’t control the environment, that most of us- excepting the Mongolians who still eke out a living in the sere desert and on the harsh steppe- would die out in these places, with or without Onstar GPS. That’s why we build tracks and the coal smoke spouting trains to roll over them, invent cars that roam fast and free, and imagine jets that soar high above these unforgiving ranges: because we can’t beat them, so we go around them and through them, as fast as possible.

A clothes hawker walks by a statue on one of the Trans-Mongolian train stops

A clothes hawker walks by a statue on one of the Trans-Mongolian train stops

Five minutes after leaving Ulan Bator, the city is a memory, and so are the illiterate Chinese day-laborers who filled the train from Beijing, all of them pouring out on work visas to usurp jobs from the untrained Mongolians. As I situate myself in my empty four-bed couchette-style compartment and we leave behind the crumbling buildings and derelict factories lining the outskirts of the northernmost capital in the world, the landscape gradually empties out into the gently sloping hills and we enter an almost constantly changing topography of fluctuating extremes: from softly rolling Mongolian steppes ranging a sere brown to verdant green below cottony white cumulus clouds lolling in easy-going blue skies. It is as picturesque as it is empty, bereft of nonessential quantities. Despite the void of apparent progress, it is almost impossible to take your eyes off of the prodigious spectrum of nothingness for fear of missing something.

Perhaps surprisingly, I am surrounded by Mongolians rather than Chinese or Russians, and ones that are not so hellbent on traveling to Moscow to check out the Onion-dome architecture or eat Borscht as they are on the train to sell their wares: jeans, t-shirts, blouses, hooded sweatshirts, windbreakers, coats, jackets, suits, hats, skirts and dresses: micro-mini, mini, tea length, ballerina length, full length, midi, maxi, panties and bras, corsets, underwear and socks, doublets and singlets, everything in all manner of fabrics: denim, wool, chiffon, velvet, satin, silk, cotton and colors galore: cherry red, indigo, fuschia, amaranth cerise, all displayed on hundreds of plastic torso mannequins which line the narrow passageways and the vestibules connecting train cars, themselves stuffed with square rainbow-colored packages rammed with off-brand and copies of designer purses, travel bags and luggage. All of these are to be sold only during the one or two twenty minute stops per day from Ulan Ude and Ekaterinburg through to Omsk and Moscow.

Passing a frozen Lake Baikal via Irkutsk on the Trans-Mongolian Express

Passing a frozen Lake Baikal via Irkutsk on the Trans-Mongolian Express

But as I sit there, my bladder bursting with beer, I don’t know any of this yet. My naive wide-eyed assumption that everyone on the train is using it to go from A to B, rather than their own personal round-trip roadshow boutique, turns out to be bogus. Their initial smiles quickly turn to sneers and odd sniffing toward me and quick turns of the head away as soon as they realize that I am dug in and we are stuck together. They see my plastic bottle of beer and begin flicking their throats, clucking angry, gurgled messages my way. It is clear that despite my nonchalant presence, I am intruding. I must be sitting in previously marked territory. Despite my “hellos” and head bows there will be no introductions and excited gesturing, no surreptitious sharing of vodka bottles amid snickers and knowing nods, nor even smiles exchanged between strangers on this five-day journey from east to west. I am in the way.

If it weren’t for the funny and generous British couple I met at the hostel just before embarking on the train, I would not have had another soul to talk to, let alone share the two bottles of Chinggis Khan Vodka I had stowed away in the bag the Russian customs people didn’t bother to check, so busy they were trying to confound the Mongolians, who were themselves busy hiding their wares from their agent arch-nemeses. During the six-hour border delay–and over the five days train ride, my newfound Anglo friends and I discussed the history of the Motherland and potlucked on cucumber and sardine sandwiches, cheap, unpronounceable beer in 64 oz. plastic bottles and chain-smoked off-brand cigarettes while sampling the local varieties of vodka. During the ensuing four days we nursed hangovers with Jasmine tea, Nescafe, and more vodka, philosophizing about the finer points of photography, archaeology, Cyrillic and the impenetrable Russian language, Dostoevsky, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Novgorod, the birth of the Russe from the Slavs and Viking traders, the rise and fall of the British empire and famous pirates in history. Meanwhile rain, sleet and snow pounded the train as we traversed through the greasy monochromatic grays of the desultory Siberian expanse.

From the caboose of the Tran-Mongolian Express

From the caboose of the Tran-Mongolian Express

My favorite part of the train is the caboose. From there you can see the track as it unwinds behind you like a coda to an untold story. Staring out at this unending steel tail wagging on through curves and bends, tunnels and hilltops, and after a certain amount of time spent in almost perpetual motion, one gets to thinking. Rolling on this unfurling 1520mm wide-gauge tracks, I am reminded of the rampant neo-capitalism espoused in Shanghai in the midst of the necessary evil of the consumerism of the Mongolians, and shocked by the overall vastness of the Russian landscape and its seemingly limitless natural resources. Questions for the internet age of a time gone by, to be google’d and wikipedia’d when safely arrived, yet meant only for pondering here at the ass-end of the longest train line in the world: who built this train? Did they do so merely that we better hawk our cheap wares? How many died seeing this through? On whose bones am I riding? And how far into the soil does their blood seep?